Finance

NPV & IRR Calculator

Discounted cash flow for any project. NPV, IRR via Newton's method, payback, profitability index — the full DCF kit.

Finance · Capital Budgeting

NPV & IRR

Year-by-year DCF. Pull the discount rate, watch the verdict flip.

As of May 13, 2026
Net present valueAccept
$29,079

Positive NPV and PI > 1 — project creates value at this hurdle rate.

Internal rate of return19.71%vs hurdle 10.0%
MIRR
15.76%
Profitability idx
1.29
Payback
3.25 yrs
Disc. payback
3.96 yrs

Discount rate

Hurdle rate / cost of capital. Drag to stress-test the verdict.

10.0%
0%10%20%30%40%

Cash flow ledger

Year 0 is the outlay. Future years compound discounting at 10.0%.

Inflow PV Outflow PV
YearCash flowPV barPresent value
Y0
$
-$100,000
Y1
$
$22,727
Y2
$
$24,793
Y3
$
$26,296
Y4
$
$27,321
Y5
$
$27,941

MIRR assumptions

Modified IRR · split rates

NPV vs discount rate

0% — 40% sweep · IRR = zero crossing

NPV sensitivity

Discount rate sweep
RateMagnitudeNPVVerdict
0%
$75,000Accept
5%
$49,422Accept
8%
$36,680Accept
10%
$29,079Accept
12%
$22,104Accept
15%
$12,680Accept
20%
-$704Reject
25%
-$11,750Reject

Hurdle benchmarks: early-stage VC 25-40%, growth PE 15-20%, infrastructure 6-9%, corporate WACC 8-12%. Capital rationing: when budget is limited, rank by profitability index, not NPV.

NPV uses standard DCF. IRR is solved via Newton-Raphson — multiple sign changes can yield multiple IRRs, in which case the tool shows "—". MIRR resolves that by separating cost-of-capital from reinvestment assumptions. Profitability index = PV(future flows) ÷ |initial outlay|.